OPT is a type of work authorization for F-1 students, typically used after graduation, for a duration of 1 year or 3 years (for STEM programs).
Optional Practical Training (OPT) refers to work authorization approved by United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) for F-1 students to engage in work training in their field of study. To be eligible for OPT, students must study within the U.S. at a post-secondary education institution for at least one academic year.
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OPT is not a visa type, but a benefit attached to the F-1 student status. To use OPT, you must maintain valid F-1 status (valid I-20).
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OPT is typically granted for 12 months. STEM students can apply for a 24-month STEM OPT extension after the initial OPT, totaling 36 months. However, if a student leaves the U.S. after 60 days of graduation without applying for OPT, they will lose eligibility to apply OPT with that degree.
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If a student uses full-time CPT for 12 months during their program, they will be ineligible for OPT.
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OPT is granted only once per degree level. For example, if you previously used OPT after completing a master's program, you cannot get a new OPT for a second master's degree. In order to qualify for OPT again, you must pursue a higher degree level, such as a doctoral program.