F-1 Visa vs. F-1 Status

This article explains the difference between F-1 visa and F-1 status, helping you understand your rights in the U.S.

F-1 status and F-1 visa are distinct concepts in U.S. immigration law, though they are often confused. Here is the difference between them:

1. F-1 Visa

  • Issued by a U.S. embassy or consulate outside the U.S.
  • It allows multiple entries to the U.S. within its validity period.

  • The expiration of your visa does not mean the termination of your legal status in the U.S. Your F-1 visa may expire while you are still within the U.S. However, as long as your F-1 status is valid, you can stay in the country legally.

  • If your F-1 visa expires and you need to leave and re-enter the U.S., you will need to apply for a new one (exception: trips to Canada, Mexico, or adjacent Caribbean islands lasting less than 30 days).

2. F-1 Status

  • F-1 status refers to your legal standing in the U.S., which is confirmed by your I-94 record or SEVIS record (Form I-20).

  • It defines your rights and restrictions in the U.S. such as work authorizations and study requirements.

  • You can have valid F-1 status in the U.S. even if your F-1 visa has expired.

  • Throughout their studies, students need to hold valid F-1 status and follow all relevant immigration rules to stay legally in the U.S.

Put it simply, the F-1 visa is your "ticket" to enter the U.S., while F-1 status is your legal standing once you are here, determining what you can and cannot do.